Bleeding from Nose (Epistaxis)

Nosebleed (Epistaxis)

The nose is particularly sensitive to injuries. Any trauma to the facial area can damage the nose, potentially causing a nosebleed, known medically as epistaxis. The severity of the bleeding can vary depending on the location and extent of the injury.

Causes of Nosebleeds

Several factors can lead to nosebleeds, including:

  • Trauma, including self-inflicted injuries like nose picking (this is more common in children)
  • Forceful nose blowing
  • Minor injuries to the nose
  • Dry nasal passages that crack open
  • Infections, such as rhinosinusitis
  • Dry air, whether in hot summers or cold winters
  • Medications that thin the blood, like anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, aspirin)
  • Allergic or non-allergic rhinitis
  • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Excessive alcohol consumption
  • Hormonal changes during pregnancy
  • In rare cases, tumors or inherited bleeding disorders
Causes of Nosebleeds

Precautions & Treatments

Most common nosebleeds can be treated at home with these first aid steps:

  1. Pinch the soft part of your nose using your index finger and thumb.
  2. Apply gentle pressure by pressing the pinched nose towards the face bones.
  3. Lean slightly forward and tilt your head down to prevent blood from flowing back into the throat and sinuses.
  4. Continue pinching the nose for at least 5 minutes. If the bleeding doesn't stop, repeat the process.
  5. Keep your head elevated above your heart. Avoid lying down or bending over; just remain seated calmly.
  6. Place an ice pack wrapped in a towel on your cheeks and nose for added relief.

If nosebleeds become recurrent, it's best to consult an ENT specialist for further evaluation.

When to Seek Medical Help

You should seek immediate medical attention if: