RAYUDU ENT HOSPITAL

Voice Change (Hoarseness)

Hoarseness typically arises from issues or disorders affecting the vocal cords, which are part of the larynx (voice box) responsible for producing sound. Hoarseness can be triggered by a variety of factors but is generally not a cause for concern if it resolves within a few days. However, if hoarseness lasts for two weeks or longer, it is important to consult an ENT specialist as soon as possible to rule out laryngeal cancer.

Causes of Hoarseness

Common cold or viral infections affecting the upper respiratory tract
Excessive voice use, such as talking loudly or for long periods of time
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), where stomach acids irritate the vocal folds by traveling up the food pipe (esophagus)
Smoking
Other health conditions such as allergies, thyroid disorders, neurological conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, or trauma to the voice box

Symptoms

The voice may become:

Breathy
Raspy
Strained
Higher or lower in pitch
Varying in volume

Precautions & Treatments

Smoking harms not only your overall health but also severely impacts the vocal cords. Quitting smoking helps maintain a normal voice.
Avoid exposure to second-hand smoke.
Stay well-hydrated by drinking water and other fluids, while limiting caffeine and alcohol intake.
Use a humidifier at home to keep the air moist and prevent dryness.
Refrain from consuming spicy foods.
Avoid shouting or prolonged speaking sessions.
If hoarseness persists, seek advice from an ENT specialist.

The ENT specialist will typically follow these steps to diagnose hoarseness:

Take a detailed medical history, including the onset and duration of hoarseness and any other relevant health information.
Examine the voice box and surrounding area using either a mirror or a laryngoscope.
Evaluate the quality of the voice.
Based on findings, the ENT physician may suggest specific precautions or order additional tests, such as lab work, x-rays, or thyroid function tests.

Treatment for hoarseness depends on its underlying cause. Common approaches include:

Resting the voice, which is often the most effective treatment.
Advising smokers to quit smoking and rest their voice.
Avoiding exposure to second-hand smoke.
If vocal fold nodules or polyps are present, surgical removal may be necessary.